GIA Professional · Separate Utility Workspace

Templates & Tools

A professional utility center for GAAP-based bookkeeping review, accounting controls, calculators, documentation templates, and research support.

Important: This workspace does not replace or redefine the GIA Method. The GIA Method remains the GIA decision framework. This page provides separate professional tools, including a U.S. GAAP standards layer.

📚 GAAP Standards Bookkeeping

A separate accounting standards workspace for U.S. GAAP research and bookkeeping review.

⌕

GAAP Topic Navigator

Start with the accounting issue and locate the relevant ASC topic to research.

▤

Accounting Treatment Review

Document facts, the accounting question, evidence, applicable guidance, and conclusion.

✓

GAAP Control Gate

Review recognition, measurement, presentation, disclosure, and documentation before finalizing.

◫

GAAP Research Record

Keep a structured record of what was researched and why the conclusion was reached.

U.S. GAAP Reference Library

Navigation aids only. The current FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the entity-specific facts remain the authoritative basis for a technical conclusion.

ASC 105Generally Accepted Accounting Principles / GAAP framework.

ASC 205 / 210Presentation and balance-sheet classification.

ASC 230Statement of cash flows.

ASC 310Receivables.

ASC 330Inventory.

ASC 360Property, plant, equipment and long-lived assets.

ASC 405 / 470Liabilities and debt.

ASC 606Revenue from contracts with customers.

ASC 710 / 712Compensation and related employee benefits.

ASC 720Other expenses and cost recognition matters.

ASC 740Income taxes.

ASC 842Leases.

Topic labels are navigation aids, not substitutes for researching the current Codification. A transaction may involve multiple topics, and entity-specific facts can change the accounting conclusion.

🧾 COA Transaction Code Cheat Sheet

Illustrative account-number conventions that help bookkeepers map common transactions to a chart of accounts.

Common COA Codes & Transaction Mapping

These are illustrative numbering conventions, not GAAP-prescribed account numbers. Each client may use a different chart of accounts. GIA should identify the economic event first, then map it to the client's actual account code.

AssetLiabilityEquityRevenueExpense

Code	Account	Type	Normal Balance	Common transaction use
`1000`	Cash / Bank	Asset	Debit	Customer receipts, transfers in, operating cash.
`1010`	Petty Cash	Asset	Debit	Small cash fund and replenishment.
`1100`	Accounts Receivable	Asset	Debit	Customer invoices and outstanding trade receivables.
`1200`	Inventory	Asset	Debit	Inventory purchases and inventory held for sale.
`1300`	Prepaid Expenses	Asset	Debit	Prepaid insurance, subscriptions, rent, and other future benefits.
`1500`	Property, Plant & Equipment	Asset	Debit	Equipment, furniture, vehicles, and other qualifying long-lived assets.
`2000`	Accounts Payable	Liability	Credit	Vendor bills and unpaid trade obligations.
`2100`	Accrued Liabilities	Liability	Credit	Accrued expenses not yet paid or invoiced.
`2200`	Payroll Liabilities	Liability	Credit	Amounts withheld or payable for payroll-related obligations.
`2300`	Sales Tax / Indirect Tax Payable	Liability	Credit	Tax collected from customers and owed to the tax authority.
`2400`	Deferred / Unearned Revenue	Liability	Credit	Cash received before the related revenue is recognized.
`2500`	Notes / Current Debt	Liability	Credit	Borrowings and current portions of debt.
`3000`	Owner's Equity / Capital	Equity	Credit	Owner contributions and equity activity, depending on entity type.
`3100`	Retained Earnings / Accumulated Equity	Equity	Credit	Accumulated earnings and closing equity, depending on entity structure.
`4000`	Sales Revenue	Revenue	Credit	Product sales or other operating revenue classified as sales.
`4100`	Service Revenue	Revenue	Credit	Revenue from services performed for customers.
`5000`	Cost of Goods Sold	Expense	Debit	Cost recognized when inventory is sold, when applicable.
`6000`	Payroll / Wages Expense	Expense	Debit	Employee compensation and related payroll costs.
`6100`	Rent / Occupancy Expense	Expense	Debit	Rent and qualifying occupancy costs.
`6200`	Utilities Expense	Expense	Debit	Electricity, water, internet, and similar utilities.
`6300`	Software / Subscriptions Expense	Expense	Debit	Recurring software and subscription costs when expensed.
`6400`	Office Supplies Expense	Expense	Debit	Consumable office and operating supplies.
`6500`	Professional Fees	Expense	Debit	Legal, accounting, consulting, and other professional services.
`6600`	Insurance Expense	Expense	Debit	Insurance cost recognized for the applicable period.
`6700`	Advertising / Marketing Expense	Expense	Debit	Advertising and marketing costs when expensed.
`6800`	Bank / Payment Processing Fees	Expense	Debit	Merchant fees, bank fees, and payment processing charges.
`6900`	Depreciation Expense	Expense	Debit	Periodic depreciation recognized on depreciable assets.
`7000`	Interest Expense	Expense	Debit	Interest incurred on debt and financing arrangements.

Showing 28 illustrative account codes.

Common Transaction → COA Mapping Examples

Customer invoiceDr 1100 Accounts Receivable
Cr 4000 Sales Revenue (or the applicable revenue account)

Customer paymentDr 1000 Cash / Bank
Cr 1100 Accounts Receivable

Vendor billDr 1200 Inventory or applicable expense
Cr 2000 Accounts Payable

Vendor paymentDr 2000 Accounts Payable
Cr 1000 Cash / Bank

Asset purchase for cashDr 1500 PP&E when capitalization criteria are met
Cr 1000 Cash / Bank

Expense paid immediatelyDr applicable expense account
Cr 1000 Cash / Bank

Cash received before revenue recognitionDr 1000 Cash / Bank
Cr 2400 Deferred / Unearned Revenue

Loan proceedsDr 1000 Cash / Bank
Cr 2500 Notes / Current Debt or the appropriate debt account

GIA control rule: These codes are examples only. Account numbers are client-specific and are not prescribed by U.S. GAAP. Do not select an account code merely because the code “looks right.” Identify the economic event, determine the accounting treatment, verify the client's existing COA and policy, then map the approved treatment to the client's actual account.

🔎 GAAP Reviews & Control

This is the separate review machine — built for GAAP standards work, not the GIA 7-Method workflow.

SEPARATE GAAP TOOL

GAAP Treatment & Control Review

Use this when you need a structured standards-based review. It does not change the GIA Method.

Fact pattern

Accounting question

Applicable ASC topic

Guidance researched

Proposed treatment

Evidence / support

Financial statement effect / conclusion

Complete the facts and research record, then run the review gate.

🧮 Accounting Calculators

Practical calculations for everyday bookkeeping and accounting review.

Cost

Selling price

Enter cost and selling price.

Asset cost

Salvage value

Useful life (years)

Enter the asset assumptions.

Principal

Annual interest %

Term (months)

Enter the loan assumptions.

Prior revenue

Current revenue

Enter the revenue amounts.

Actual

Budget / prior

Enter actual and comparison amounts.

Fixed costs

Selling price / unit

Variable cost / unit

Enter the break-even assumptions.

📋 Professional Templates

Reusable documentation for bookkeeping, month-end, GAAP research, and client work.

Transaction Review WorkpaperDocument the economic event, evidence, accounting treatment, implementation, verification, and reviewer conclusion.

Fixed Asset ReviewDocument capitalization, placed-in-service date, useful life, depreciation, support, and review.

Revenue Recognition ReviewDocument the revenue fact pattern, performance considerations, timing, evidence, and conclusion.

GAAP Research WorksheetFact pattern, ASC topic, accounting question, evidence, guidance researched, conclusion.

GAAP Treatment MemoStructured accounting position / treatment documentation.

Adjusting Journal Entry WorksheetReason, accounts affected, calculation, support, reviewer and posting status.

Account ReconciliationBeginning balance, activity, ending balance, reconciling items and evidence.

Month-End Close ChecklistReconciliations, subledgers, unusual balances, cutoff, review and sign-off.

Variance / Flux AnalysisCurrent period, comparison period, dollar variance, percentage variance, explanation and follow-up.

Bookkeeping Cleanup ChecklistOpening balances, uncategorized items, duplicate activity, reconciliations and supporting documents.

Client Information RequestOrganized request for missing documents, explanations and accounting policy facts.

Accounting Issue LogIssue, materiality, owner, evidence, research status, conclusion and next action.

🛠 Professional Tools

Utility tools that support review and implementation without replacing professional judgment.

↔

Transaction Review

Document the accounting decision from economic event through verification.

▦

Account Review

Review account purpose, normal balance, supporting evidence, and unusual activity.

⌁

Reconciliation Diagnostic

Work through unexplained differences before forcing a reconciliation.

◫

Month-End Planner

Organize close tasks, owners, dependencies, exceptions, and sign-off.

Unusual Balance Review

Document why a balance is unusual and whether follow-up is required.

⚙

Automation Rule Review

Review stable conditions, exceptions, evidence, and whether a rule is safe to repeat.

✓

Month-End Control Review

Run a close-control review and document unresolved exceptions and sign-off.

Revenue Recognition Review

Document the revenue fact pattern, timing, evidence, and accounting conclusion.

Fixed Asset Review

Review capitalization, placed-in-service details, depreciation, and disposal indicators.

Client Onboarding Control

Confirm access, responsibilities, policies, opening records, and required client information.

⌂ Home GIA Pro GAAP COA Review Calculate Templates Tools